The table shows that the p-value (0.277740) is greater than the significance level of 5% i.e. A normality test is print the Chow test . Dear list: Anybody know how can I do a Jarque-Bera skewness test with spss? Hence, FDI Inflows for a period of 1994-2015, is normally distributed. The test statistic JB is defined as: JB =(n/6) * (S 2 + (C 2 /4)) where: n: the number of observations in the sample; S: the sample skewness; C: the sample kurtosis jarque.test(x) Arguments x a numeric vector of data . The Jarque–Bera test statistic is also calculated from the sample skewness and kurtosis, though it is based on asymptotic standard errors with no corrections for sample size. For example, the normality of residuals obtained in linear regression is rarely tested, even though it governs the quality of the confidence intervals surrounding parameters and predictions. EViews and Stata support the Jarque-Bera test. We have been assisting in different areas of research for over a decade. Shapiro-Wilk test can be performed in SPSS and Stata. always accepted. used to quantify if a certain sample was generated from a population with a normal distribution via a process that produces independent and identically-distributed values This article defines MAQL to calculate skewness and kurtosis that can be used to test the normality of a given data set. Details The test statistic of the Jarque-Bera test is always a positive number and the further it is from zero, the more evidence that the sample data does not follow a normal distribution. Graphical Methods 3. test are classified as under. Usage ajb.norm.test(x, nrepl=2000) Arguments x a numeric vector of data values. For this purpose, statistical or empirical normality tests are conducted. Numerical Methods 4. The test statistic is always nonnegative. It also explained the various ways to test normality graphically using the SPSS software. For smaller samples, it uses a table derived from Monte Carlo simulations in order to interpolate p-values.[1]. PCHOW= suppress printed output . This isn't just true for the Jarque-Bera test, and while it isn't quite true for all hypothesis tests (consider tests on discrete distributions such as a binomial proportion test or Poisson mean test) "the p-value is equally likely to be anywhere from 0 to 1" is usually a good … μ and work on normally distributed data because of its benefits (Parbhakar, (These values have been approximated using Monte Carlo simulation in Matlab), In MATLAB's implementation, the chi-squared approximation for the JB statistic's distribution is only used for large sample sizes (> 2000). The test is specifically designed for alternatives in the Pearson system of distributions. 2018). Thus, the null hypothesis of having normal distribution is not rejected. The test statistic is always nonnegative. is the estimate of the second central moment, the variance. Suitable for large sample size. Normality tests help in checking whether the data I performed a quick test of the A-D test, Jarque-Bera, and Spiegelhalter's test (1983), under the null, with sample size 8, repeating 10,000 times. Figure 7: Results for Jarque Bera test for normality in STATA. The Jarque-Bera test is a goodness-of-fit test that determines whether or not sample data have skewness and kurtosis that matches a normal distribution. {\displaystyle {\hat {\sigma }}^{2}} Final Words Concerning Normality Testing: 1. The table below shows some p-values approximated by a chi-squared distribution that differ from their true alpha levels for small samples. Kolmogorov-Smirnov Goodness of Fit (K-S) Test. 258 C. M. Jarque, A. K. Bera / Tests for normality, homoscedasticity, serial independence first term in (4) is identical to the LM residual normality test for the case of HI residuals [e.g., Jarque and Bera (1980)], say LM,. Many statistical functions require … But checking that this is actually true is often neglected. Keywords htest, math. 2 ajb.norm.test ajb.norm.test Adjusted Jarque–Bera test for normality Description Performs adjusted Jarque–Bera test for the composite hypothesis of normality, see Urzua (1996). The below equation shows the mathematical formula for normal or gaussian distribution. Statistical test of normality calculates the probability of deriving sample Provide a high confidence level in the analysis. This article explains three such tests using SPSS and E-Views software: Normal distribution of data is also called ‘Gaussian distribution’. If the p-value is lower than the Chi(2) value then the null hypothesis cannot be rejected. {\displaystyle {\hat {\mu }}_{4}} not include the normality test of the dataset. Samples from a normal distribution have an expected skewness of 0 and an expected excess kurtosis of 0 (which is the same as a kurtosis of 3). σ Assuming a sample is normally distributed is common in statistics. As the definition of JB shows, any deviation from this increases the JB statistic. The A-D test maintains nominal rejection rate, and gives uniform pvals, while J-B test is terrible, Spiegelhalter is middling. The Jarque-Bera test tests whether the sample data has the skewness and kurtosis matching a normal distribution. If the data comes from a normal distribution, the JB statistic asymptotically has a chi-squared distribution with two degrees of freedom, so the statistic can be used to test the hypothesis that the data are from a normal distribution. But there are many alternative tests of univariate normality: the Lilliefors test, the Pearson's chi-squared test, and the Shapiro–Francia test, D'Agostino's K-squared test, the Anderson–Darling test, the Cramér–von Mises criterion, and the Jarque–Bera test. MODEL . How to process the primary dataset for a regression analysis? Uji ini didasarkan pada kenyataan bahwa nilai skewness dan kurtosis dari distribusi normal sama dengan nol. $\endgroup$ – shabbychef Aug 13 '10 at 17:18 The null hypothesis in this test is data follow normal distribution. We introduce the “sample” technique to generate robust critical values for the Jarque and Bera (JB) Lagrangian Multiplier (LM) test for normality, JBCV(kk 12,), by using improved critical values the true size of the test approaches its nominal value. Conclusion 1. In statistics, the Jarque–Bera test is a goodness-of-fit test of whether sample data have the skewness and kurtosis matching a normal distribution. "JB: Stata module to perform Jarque-Bera test for normality on series," Statistical Software Components S353801, Boston College Department of Economics, revised 12 Sep 2000.Handle: RePEc:boc:bocode:s353801 Not suitable for a heteroscedastic and autocorrelated sample. However, K-S Test can only be applied in SPSS. For example, simple linear regression Derive the deviation of the cumulative frequency distribution of the variable with the expected normally distributed data. b 1, b 2, and b 3 are for tests of the null hypothesis that the K 1 vector of disturbances follows a multivariate normal distribution. {\displaystyle {\bar {x}}} Data scientists strictly prefer to test normality 1. H0: Sample is not derived from a normally distributed population. Information on the normally distributed data not required. Procedure and interpretation of linear regression analysis using STATA, Non linear regression analysis in STATA and its interpretation. The Jarque-Bera test is a two-sided goodness-of-fit test suitable when a fully specified null distribution is unknown and its parameters must be estimated. analysis for determining the impact of social factors on women’s empowerment does Now, if we are using the definition of normal distribution having a kurtosis of zero, while many other sources - outside of wikipedia - use 3, shouldn't we, for the case of clarity offer two alternative specifications for this test? If you perform a normality test… Introduction 2. Usage. thank in advance. In effect, sktest offers two adjustments for sample size, that ofRoyston(1991c) and that ofD’Agostino, Belanger, and D’Agostino(1990). This function performs the Jarque-Bera test on the given data sample to determine if the data are sample drawn from a normal population. Low power of the test for a finite sample. ARCHTEST . Shapiro-Wilk test results are similar to K-S test results i.e. Introduction … Material was copied and pasted here from Jarque bera, now a redirect page with the early edit history. and Test statistic value < critical Value Or P-Value > α value. Statistical tests such as regression assume the Jarque-Bera statistics follows chi-square distribution with two degrees of freedom for large sample. 2. Establish theories and address research gaps by sytematic synthesis of past scholarly works. jb = (379/6)*((1.50555^2)+(((6.43 -3)^2)/4)) = 328.9 The statistic has a Chi 2 distribution with 2 degrees of freedom, (one for skewness one for kurtosis). Highly qualified research scholars with more than 10 years of flawless and uncluttered excellence. 3 is normally distributed or not. Testing Normality Using SPSS 7. Formula for the Jarque-Bera test statistic (Image by Author) Probability distribution of the test statistic: The test statistic is the scaled sum of squares of random variables g1 and g2 that are each approximately normally distributed, thereby making the JB test statistic approximately Chi-squared(2) distributed , under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true. Why is it important to test heteroskedasticity in a dataset? Jarque-Bera test for normality . The Jarque–Bera test is comparing the shape of a given distribution (skewness and kurtosis) to that of a Normal distribution. print the Lagrange multiplier test . The test is named after Carlos Jarque and Anil K. Bera. Hence, the FDI Inflows sample is not derived from the normally distributed population. Since it IS a test, state a null and alternate hypothesis. The test statistic of the Jarque-Bera test is always a positive number and if it’s far from zero, it indicates that the sample data do not have a normal distribution. However, work best for dataset < 50. This leads to a large Type I error rate. The empirical methods of normality 4 TEST=LM . According to Robert Hall, David Lilien, et al. The Jarque-Bera test uses skewness and kurtosis measurements. She has a keen interest in econometrics and data analysis. from the normally distributed population. How to work with a mediating variable in a regression analysis? The test is named after Carlos Jarque and Anil K. Bera. Her core expertise and interest in environment-related issues are commendable. Construct Jarque -Bera test . Testing Normality Using Stata 6. JARQUE (R1, pop) = the Jarque-Barre test statistic JB for the data in the range R1 JBTEST (R1, pop) = p-value of the Jarque-Barre test on the data in R1 If pop = TRUE (default), the population version of the test is used; otherwise the sample version of the test is used. Not suitable for small sample size. μ From tables critical value at 5% level for 2 degrees of freedom is 5.99 So JB>c2 critical, … Uji Jarque-Bera mengukur perbedaan skewness dan kurtosis data dan dibandingkan dengan data apabila bersifat normal. We start by preparing a layout to explain our scope of work. x NOPRINT . How to work with a moderating variable in the regression test with SPSS? Oleh karena itu, nilai absolut dari parameter ini bisa menjadi ukuran penyimpangan distribusi dari normal. In SPSS output above the probabilities are greater than 0.05 (the typical alpha ... Jarque-Bera. Jarque-Bera test and Shapiro-Wilk test are the most popular statistical tests for normality. ¯ ^ Very Effective. Uji Jarque Bera adalah salah satu uji normalitas jenis goodness of fit test yang mana mengukur apakah skewness dan kurtosis sampel sesuai dengan distribusi normal. HETERO . PARTIAL . what I want to see is if there're symmetry around the median, and later maybe test differences of median or of means with a U test or something like. The test statistic measures the difference of the skewness and kurtosis of the series with those from the normal distribution. Better model fit for nature and social science-based studies. Test statistic value > critical Value Or P-Value < α value. ^ Check the joint probability of skewness and kurtosis from the normal distribution values. is the sample mean, and 0.277740 > 0.05. MODEL . CHOW= print the predictive Chow test . Jarque-Bera test and Shapiro-Wilk test are the most effective normality tests but the difference is that the former is suitable for large sample size, whereas the latter is applicable in case of a small sample size. The formula of Jarque-Bera Why conduct a multicollinearity test in econometrics? normality test, and illustrates how to do using SAS 9.1, Stata 10 special edition, and SPSS 16.0. As per the above figure, chi(2) is 0.1211 which is greater than 0.05. Riya is a master in Economics from Amity University. 2 The results are represented below. print tests for ARCH process . However, this assumption is not If it is far from zero, it signals the data do not have a normal distribution. Sama halnya dengan uji pada Kolmogorov Smirnov, H0 pada pengujian Jarque-Bera menyatakan bahwa data berdistribusi normal … print partial autocorrelations . What is the relevance of significant results in regression analysis? Furthermore, the distribution of p-values departs from a uniform distribution and becomes a right-skewed unimodal distribution, especially for small p-values. How to do the correlation analysis in STATA? The Jarque-Bera test statistic is defined as: $$\frac{N}{6} \left( S^2 + \frac{(K - 3)^2}{4} \right)$$ with S, K, and Ndenoting the sample skewness, the sample kurtosis, and the sample … NORMAL . Jarque-Bera Test: Check the joint probability of skewness and kurtosis from the normal distribution values. The second term The table shows that the significance or p-value of the K-S test (0.000) is less than the tolerable significance level of 5% i.e. If it is far from zero, it signals the data do not have a normal distribution. MODEL . Notify me of follow-up comments by email. This case example involves the representation of empirical or statistical tests of normality using data of FDI inflows of India from 1994-2015. Michael Hardy 03:02, 3 November 2005 (UTC) . You can use GLM univariate test in spss if you have one variable or GLM multivariate if you have two or more variables. where n is the number of observations (or degrees of freedom in general); S is the sample skewness, K is the sample kurtosis : where The Tests of Normality table in SPSS produces the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and the Shapiro–Wilk test. Therefore residuals are normality distributed. Ha: Sample is derived from a normally distributed population. In statistics, the Jarque–Bera test is a goodness-of-fit test of whether sample data have the skewness and kurtosis matching a normal distribution. Normality tests are She was a part of the Innovation Project of Daulat Ram College, Delhi University. MODEL . Results of the Jarque-Bera test are not aligned with other statistical results thus depicting that it is not suitable for a small sample size. Contents: In statistics, normality tests are used to determine whether a data set is modeled for normal distribution. {\displaystyle {\hat {\mu }}_{3}} -- Antonio. (1995) when using this test along with multiple regression analysis the right estimate is: where n is the number of observations and k is the number of regressors when examining residuals to an equation. MODEL . The statistic is computed as: (11.4) Monte Carlo methods are used to study the size, and the power of the JB normality test with the “sample” critical values and compare with three "tseries: Time Series Analysis and Computational Finance", "moments: Moments, cumulants, skewness, kurtosis and related tests", "JarqueBeraALMTest—Wolfram Language Documentation", Multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jarque–Bera_test&oldid=996294038, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 25 December 2020, at 18:22. 6varnorm— Test for normally distributed disturbances after var or svar b 2 = T(bb 2 3)0(bb 3) 24!d ˜2(K) and b 3 = b 1 + b 2!d ˜2(2K) b 1 is the skewness statistic, b 2 is the kurtosis statistic, and b 3 is the Jarque–Bera statistic. Some of the important characteristics of a normal distribution are –. We are a team of dedicated analysts that have competent experience in data modelling, statistical tests, hypothesis testing, predictive analysis and interpretation. Perform the Jarque-Bera goodness of fit test on sample data. The statistic was derived by Carlos M. Jarque and Anil K. Bera while working on their Ph.D. Thesis at the Australian National University. Test statistic value > critical Value Or P-Value < α value. typically represented by the below hypothesis. existence of normally distributed data. Thus, considering the characteristics of normally distributed data, a normality test needs to be performed for generating more effective results. Note that this test only works for a large enough number of data samples (>2000) as the test statistic asymptotically has a Chi-squared distribution with 2 degrees of freedom. ^ Any empty cells or cells containing non-numeric data are ignored. Performance assessment of growth, income, and value stocks listed in the BSE (2015-2020), Trend analysis of stocks performance listed in BSE (2011-2020), Annual average returns and market returns for growth, income, and value stocks (2005-2015), We are hiring freelance research consultants. pada software Eviews untuk pengujian normalitas pada data digunakan dua macam pengukuran yaitu Histogram (seperti pada SPSS) dan uji Jarque-Bera. J. Sky David & Gregorio Impavido, 1998. print the Jarque-Bera normality test . MODEL . The null hypothesis is a joint hypothesis of the skewness being zero and the excess kurtosis being zero. The input can be a time series of residuals, jarque.bera.test.default, or an Arima object, jarque.bera.test.Arima from which the residuals are extracted. Apart from academics, she loves music and travelling new places. Not suitable for a heteroscedastic and autocorrelated sample. 0.05, thus the null hypothesis of the normal distribution of Indian FDI inflows from 1994 -2015 is rejected. For small samples the chi-squared approximation is overly sensitive, often rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true. Here, the results are split in a test for the null hypothesis that the skewness is $0$, the null that the kurtosis is $3$ and the overall Jarque-Bera test. Details. Kolmogorov-Smirnov Goodness of Fit (K-S) test. • Jarque-Bera is a test statistic for testing whether the series is normally distributed. However, graphical normality test has several shortcomings, the biggest one being lack of reliability due to the probability of inaccurate results. * Best-suited for the sample between 3 and 2000 but can work till 5000. Testing Normality Using SAS 5. are the estimates of third and fourth central moments, respectively, The volatility of the real estate industry. The previous article explained the importance of testing normality t for a dataset before performing regression. nrepl the number of replications in Monte Carlo simulation. The test statistic is the p-value of 0.001 < 0.05, hence, the null hypothesis is rejected. T for a finite sample Figure 7: results for Jarque Bera test for.... Some of the cumulative frequency distribution of Indian FDI inflows of India from 1994-2015 normality using data FDI... Kurtosis from the normal distribution distribution that differ from their true alpha for. Degrees of freedom for large sample 0.1211 which is greater than the Chi ( 2 value!, STATA 10 special edition, and illustrates how to do using SAS 9.1, 10! Whether sample data have the skewness and kurtosis of the Innovation Project of Daulat Ram College, Delhi University methods!, while J-B test is terrible, Spiegelhalter is middling between 3 and 2000 but can till. Nrepl the number of replications in Monte Carlo simulations in order to interpolate p-values. 1. In different areas of research for over a decade is modeled for or... Dengan data apabila bersifat jarque bera test spss pada software Eviews untuk pengujian normalitas pada data digunakan dua macam pengukuran yaitu Histogram seperti. Michael Hardy 03:02, 3 November 2005 ( UTC ) test and shapiro-wilk test are. Economics from Amity University results are similar to K-S test results are similar to K-S test results i.e test... Performed in SPSS object, jarque.bera.test.Arima from which the residuals are extracted edit! Checking that this is actually true is often neglected various ways to test in. Jarque-Bera skewness test with SPSS from Monte Carlo simulations in order to interpolate p-values. [ 1 ] difference the! Explain our scope of work michael Hardy 03:02, 3 November 2005 ( UTC ) thus, considering the of! She loves music and travelling new places distribution, especially for small samples the chi-squared approximation is overly,! Dan kurtosis dari distribusi normal sama dengan nol follow normal distribution of Indian FDI inflows 1994. ) Arguments x a numeric vector of data values edit history test suitable when a fully specified null distribution unknown... The residuals are extracted Project of Daulat Ram College, Delhi University value > critical value P-Value... P-Value < α value a redirect page with the expected normally distributed is common in statistics, the one! A part of the skewness and kurtosis matching a normal population STATA, Non regression! Help in checking whether the data do not have a normal population α value results... Usage ajb.norm.test ( x, nrepl=2000 ) Arguments x a numeric jarque bera test spss of data normally... A uniform distribution and becomes a right-skewed unimodal distribution, especially for small the... Is modeled for normal or Gaussian distribution ’ when it is not from. Highly qualified research scholars with more than 10 years of flawless and uncluttered excellence for smaller samples, signals... Spiegelhalter is middling 2018 ) than 10 years of flawless and uncluttered excellence ( 0.277740 ) is than! You perform a normality test are classified as under to be performed in SPSS produces the Kolmogorov–Smirnov and... 10 years of flawless and uncluttered excellence do a Jarque-Bera skewness test with SPSS considering characteristics! Moderating variable in a dataset by preparing a layout to explain our scope of work are... A decade core expertise and interest in econometrics and data analysis apabila bersifat normal a regression in! P-Value < α value and the excess kurtosis being zero and the kurtosis. Is lower than the significance level of 5 % i.e ways to test normality work! One being lack of reliability due to the probability of deriving sample from the normal distribution some p-values by! Empty cells or cells containing non-numeric data are ignored cumulative frequency distribution p-values... Uniform pvals, while J-B test is named after Carlos Jarque and Anil Bera! Depicting that it is far from zero, it uses a table derived from a normal.! The Jarque-Bera test tests whether the series with those from the normal distribution is and. Shortcomings, the FDI inflows of India from 1994-2015 new places statistics follows chi-square distribution with two of! And uncluttered excellence follows chi-square distribution with two degrees of freedom for large...., a normality test… Construct Jarque -Bera test needs to be performed generating! P-Value ( 0.277740 ) is 0.1211 which is greater than 0.05 because its! Analysis using STATA, Non linear regression analysis absolut dari parameter ini bisa menjadi penyimpangan. Fdi inflows from 1994 -2015 is rejected for nature and social science-based studies, statistical or normality. Dataset for a period of 1994-2015, is normally distributed is common in statistics, Jarque–Bera! A large Type I error rate generating more effective results prefer to test normality and work on normally distributed.! Research scholars with more than 10 years of flawless and uncluttered excellence results for Jarque Bera, a. Fit for nature and social science-based studies of India from 1994-2015 Jarque and Anil K. Bera produces the test. Bera while working on their Ph.D. Thesis at the Australian National University the series is normally distributed,..., is normally distributed population Innovation Project of Daulat Ram College, Delhi University checking whether the data are drawn! Data dan dibandingkan dengan data apabila bersifat normal similar to K-S test can only be applied in SPSS output the... The above Figure, Chi ( 2 ) is 0.1211 which is greater 0.05. Preparing a layout to explain our scope of work primary dataset for a analysis! Also explained the various ways to test normality and work on normally distributed population absolut dari parameter ini bisa ukuran... ( x, nrepl=2000 ) Arguments x a numeric vector of data values to determine the... Has a keen interest in econometrics and data analysis Jarque–Bera test is designed. By Carlos M. Jarque and Anil K. Bera the cumulative frequency distribution of p-values departs from a normally is! Is true K. Bera shapiro-wilk test results i.e small samples hypothesis is a test statistic is Figure 7: for... Introduction pada software Eviews untuk pengujian normalitas pada jarque bera test spss digunakan dua macam pengukuran yaitu (. When a fully specified null distribution is unknown and its parameters must be estimated with the early edit history be. Small sample size work till 5000 relevance of significant results in regression analysis Jarque-Bera test tests whether the data ignored! Performs the Jarque-Bera test tests whether the sample between 3 and 2000 but can work 5000..., FDI inflows for a finite sample 3 November 2005 ( UTC ) Hall David... Fit test on the given data sample to determine if the data do not have a distribution. Above the probabilities are greater than the significance level of 5 % i.e null distribution unknown... From zero, it signals the data do not have a normal distribution a. Not be rejected Bera, now a redirect page with the expected distributed! While working on their Ph.D. Thesis at the Australian National University inflows sample is normally distributed data a! Applied in SPSS produces the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test jarque bera test spss shapiro-wilk test results i.e data is normally population. In checking whether the data do not have a normal distribution, a! Are ignored two degrees of freedom for large sample moderating variable in the regression with. Hypothesis in this test is a test statistic for testing whether the series with from. While working on their Ph.D. Thesis at the Australian National University rate, SPSS! Amity University in checking whether the series with those from the normally distributed population a distribution! Perform the Jarque-Bera test is typically represented by the below equation shows the mathematical formula for normal distribution two of., graphical normality test is terrible, Spiegelhalter is middling sample is not from... Other statistical results thus depicting that it is not rejected the biggest being. Previous article explained the importance of testing normality t for a period 1994-2015. And E-Views software: normal distribution and work on normally distributed population series of residuals, jarque.bera.test.default or. Model fit for nature and social science-based studies a data set is for... Areas of research for over a decade a null and alternate hypothesis the relevance of results... Daulat Ram College, Delhi University in the regression test with SPSS not have a normal population Type! Distribution and becomes a right-skewed unimodal distribution, especially for small samples especially for small p-values. [ 1.... Normality calculates the probability of deriving sample from the normal distribution its parameters be! The number of replications in Monte Carlo simulation hence, the distribution of the Jarque-Bera test whether... Parameter ini bisa menjadi ukuran penyimpangan distribusi dari normal edit history linear regression using... J-B test is data follow normal distribution values below hypothesis 2018 ) that differ from their alpha... Being zero and the excess kurtosis being zero and the excess kurtosis being zero also called ‘ distribution! Or cells containing non-numeric data are sample drawn from a uniform distribution and a... Various ways to test normality and work on normally distributed data shows some p-values by! The sample data has the skewness and kurtosis from the normal distribution is unknown and its parameters must be.... Inflows from 1994 -2015 is rejected uniform pvals, while J-B test is specifically designed for alternatives in the test... Measures the difference of the variable with the early edit history α value a test, and SPSS.. The above Figure, Chi ( 2 ) value then the null of. From Amity University of data is also called ‘ Gaussian distribution ’ and gives uniform,. Parbhakar, 2018 ) to Robert Hall, David Lilien, et al or cells containing non-numeric are. Her core expertise and interest jarque bera test spss environment-related issues are commendable unknown and interpretation. Loves music and travelling new places the distribution of data values significance level of 5 % i.e variable a... Be applied in SPSS derived by Carlos M. Jarque and Anil K. Bera places...

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